{"id":"fao.fao-gce-3102-723632-kt.mdg.annual","dataset_id":"fao-gce-3102-723632-kt","indicator":"fao-gce-3102-723632-kt","geography":"MDG","frequency":"annual","unit":"kt","start_period":"2000","end_period":"2050","org":"FAO","original_indicator":"GCE","url":"https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GCE","retrieved_at":"2026-11-08T10:28:13+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Madagascar","region":"Sub-Saharan Africa ","observations":[{"period":"2000","value":0.0134,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2001","value":0.0113,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2002","value":0.0095,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2003","value":0.0166,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2004","value":0.0101,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2005","value":0.0264,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2006","value":0.0135,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2007","value":0.0159,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2008","value":0.0265,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2009","value":0.0156,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2010","value":0.0162,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2011","value":0.0306,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2012","value":0.0595,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2013","value":0.0363,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2014","value":0.0648,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2015","value":0.0581,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2016","value":0.033,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2017","value":0.1111,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2018","value":0.1014,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2019","value":0.0855,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2020","value":0.0676,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2021","value":0.0338,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2022","value":0.0518,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2023","value":0.0864,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2024","value":0.0346,"flags":"E"},{"period":"2030","value":0.067,"flags":"F"},{"period":"2050","value":0.1302,"flags":"F"}],"indicator_name":"Agrifood systems emissions: Emissions from Crops: Nutrient nitrogen N (total), Indirect emissions (N2O that leaches) (Synthetic fertilizers)","topic":"Climate","source":"fao","provenance":{"organization":"FAO","original_indicator":"GCE","url":"https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/GCE","retrieved_at":"2026-11-08T10:28:13+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}