{"id":"imf.imf-general-government-gross-debt.mdg.annual","dataset_id":"imf-general-government-gross-debt","indicator":"imf-general-government-gross-debt","geography":"MDG","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1990","end_period":"2031","org":"International Monetary Fund","original_indicator":"GGXWDG_NGDP","url":"https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/api/v1","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Madagascar","region":"Sub-Saharan Africa ","observations":[{"period":"1990","value":92.7,"flags":""},{"period":"1991","value":113.8,"flags":""},{"period":"1992","value":110.9,"flags":""},{"period":"1993","value":105.2,"flags":""},{"period":"1994","value":96.0,"flags":""},{"period":"1995","value":95.8,"flags":""},{"period":"1996","value":98.7,"flags":""},{"period":"1997","value":89.7,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":108.5,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":104.1,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":90.2,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":82.1,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":86.7,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":85.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":81.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":74.4,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":32.2,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":28.2,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":31.0,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":34.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":32.3,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":29.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":30.4,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":36.2,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":37.8,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":44.1,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":40.3,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":40.1,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":42.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":41.3,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":52.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":49.4,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":49.8,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":52.1,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":49.8,"flags":""},{"period":"2025","value":47.7,"flags":""},{"period":"2026","value":49.8,"flags":""},{"period":"2027","value":50.6,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2028","value":50.9,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2029","value":50.9,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2030","value":49.9,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2031","value":49.7,"flags":"projection"}],"indicator_name":"General government gross debt (IMF)","topic":"Public Sector","source":"imf","provenance":{"organization":"International Monetary Fund","original_indicator":"GGXWDG_NGDP","url":"https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/api/v1","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}