{"id":"imf.imf-primary-net-lending-borrowing-also-referred-as.deu.annual","dataset_id":"imf-primary-net-lending-borrowing-also-referred-as","indicator":"imf-primary-net-lending-borrowing-also-referred-as","geography":"DEU","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1991","end_period":"2031","org":"International Monetary Fund","original_indicator":"GGXONLB_G01_GDP_PT","url":"https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/api/v1","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Germany","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"1991","value":-0.9862340648777,"flags":""},{"period":"1992","value":-0.020937019340425,"flags":""},{"period":"1993","value":-0.40282472373018,"flags":""},{"period":"1994","value":0.33721069411649,"flags":""},{"period":"1995","value":-6.3487602174817,"flags":""},{"period":"1996","value":-0.58494420707678,"flags":""},{"period":"1997","value":-0.00050834189042182,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":0.3854503018825,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":0.92541064104292,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":1.0603570522994,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":-0.52374597477602,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":-1.4570739781232,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":-1.2109460418331,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":-0.90011513100513,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":-0.9287486402002,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":0.62752969688976,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":2.554302932083,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":2.0695714638819,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":-0.83104447928403,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":-2.2894855578413,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":1.1553903778743,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":1.7797106417013,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":1.5533127953497,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":1.9578580343788,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":1.9916359370304,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":2.0601771678726,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":2.1618955963489,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":2.5941146126158,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":1.9071123191563,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":-3.8859285314706,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":-2.7074459092276,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":-1.2944117930541,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":-1.594585661759,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":-1.9155840096314,"flags":""},{"period":"2025","value":-2.0589312076424,"flags":""},{"period":"2026","value":-3.3678116611464,"flags":""},{"period":"2027","value":-3.5660466670128,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2028","value":-3.2365775845041,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2029","value":-2.8511584735691,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2030","value":-2.5940682212,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2031","value":-2.3935619342556,"flags":"projection"}],"indicator_name":"Primary net lending/borrowing (also referred as primary balance) (IMF)","topic":"Public Sector","source":"imf","provenance":{"organization":"International Monetary Fund","original_indicator":"GGXONLB_G01_GDP_PT","url":"https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/api/v1","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}