{"id":"imf.imf-primary-net-lending-borrowing-also-referred-as.ita.annual","dataset_id":"imf-primary-net-lending-borrowing-also-referred-as","indicator":"imf-primary-net-lending-borrowing-also-referred-as","geography":"ITA","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1990","end_period":"2031","org":"International Monetary Fund","original_indicator":"GGXONLB_G01_GDP_PT","url":"https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/api/v1","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Italy","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"1990","value":-1.7713430269095,"flags":""},{"period":"1991","value":-0.46296759584143,"flags":""},{"period":"1992","value":1.3125965716737,"flags":""},{"period":"1993","value":2.0711324793939,"flags":""},{"period":"1994","value":1.5231760233001,"flags":""},{"period":"1995","value":3.0802950363546,"flags":""},{"period":"1996","value":3.733160263232,"flags":""},{"period":"1997","value":5.6478308235008,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":4.4842660329794,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":4.327123542205,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":3.4096167565379,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":2.560399320202,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":2.2966060307394,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":1.4947269731154,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":0.96228995366269,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":0.19752206863842,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":0.59588528230666,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":3.1688655720237,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":2.0754751417516,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":-0.87323646698108,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":-0.070212566071508,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":0.8902093265024,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":1.9657063909035,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":1.7456165293559,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":1.5602085983552,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":1.4791273617519,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":1.3384708151304,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":1.0961924180836,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":1.2894995004905,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":1.7379075931812,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":-6.1014495096745,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":-5.5917803341966,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":-4.1660139544451,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":-3.7414158007602,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":0.26157681775453,"flags":""},{"period":"2025","value":0.53727797758153,"flags":""},{"period":"2026","value":0.99871186618807,"flags":""},{"period":"2027","value":1.2003813102802,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2028","value":1.6927185410582,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2029","value":1.788649998259,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2030","value":1.9530964309841,"flags":"projection"},{"period":"2031","value":1.8898294569557,"flags":"projection"}],"indicator_name":"Primary net lending/borrowing (also referred as primary balance) (IMF)","topic":"Public Sector","source":"imf","provenance":{"organization":"International Monetary Fund","original_indicator":"GGXONLB_G01_GDP_PT","url":"https://www.imf.org/external/datamapper/api/v1","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}