{"id":"worldbank.expense-zs.kaz.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-expense-zs","indicator":"expense-zs","geography":"KAZ","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1997","end_period":"2023","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Kazakhstan","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"1997","value":18.7424217732639,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":16.6472091519841,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":14.1823058600377,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":13.721583116838,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":13.5682160853528,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":12.6910979763059,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":13.887221837463,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":14.0707427767027,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":16.4678319854926,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":15.2070759191101,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":15.7960435478034,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":14.6089815385558,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":15.308914994467,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":15.487142712709,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":16.3309403041021,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":19.0261392086365,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":14.7050433078792,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":16.0642125509365,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":16.8328642687514,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":17.1165193502456,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":16.1647366957137,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":17.4457811545455,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Expense (% of GDP)","topic":"Economy","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GC.XPN.TOTL.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}