{"id":"worldbank.nitrous-oxide-n2o-emissions-total-excluding-lulucf-ar5.mdg.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-nitrous-oxide-n2o-emissions-total-excluding-lulucf-ar5","indicator":"nitrous-oxide-n2o-emissions-total-excluding-lulucf-ar5","geography":"MDG","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1991","end_period":"2024","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"EN.GHG.N2O.ZG.AR5","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-08T10:28:13+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Madagascar","region":"Sub-Saharan Africa ","observations":[{"period":"1991","value":1.08828067895719,"flags":""},{"period":"1992","value":2.33696093559652,"flags":""},{"period":"1993","value":5.46982863640055,"flags":""},{"period":"1994","value":1.39892796231627,"flags":""},{"period":"1995","value":2.58263623812229,"flags":""},{"period":"1996","value":4.15820677332899,"flags":""},{"period":"1997","value":0.190855193697703,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":2.7308535693982,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":2.35929505400796,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":4.44448956387558,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":-10.1559327539998,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":-19.5464143588078,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":-15.4247543246975,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":-15.4958174287339,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":-1.18776902460814,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":-1.90043043937302,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":0.414196377812059,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":-0.17461219848941,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":2.19077397872167,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":3.47803134898075,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":4.88508080890115,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":6.61089904978478,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":6.97230569316982,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":8.20271258019978,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":10.267603346057,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":12.2492487614716,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":11.5832859579306,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":-1.22431576382687,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":0.728904409973197,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":-1.15325265979046,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":1.900430439373,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":3.41102899374646,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":-4.65361812718267,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":-4.25160399577683,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (% change from 1990)","topic":"Environment","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"EN.GHG.N2O.ZG.AR5","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-08T10:28:13+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}