{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.bel.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"BEL","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1996","end_period":"2023","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Belgium","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"1996","value":1.74299,"flags":""},{"period":"1997","value":1.80971,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":1.83825,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":1.90564,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":1.9362,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":2.03279,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":1.90325,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":1.8412,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":1.8205,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":1.7906,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":1.82269,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":1.84999,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":1.93684,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":1.99134,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":2.0613,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":2.15739,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":2.27079,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":2.32047,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":2.35858,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":2.43496,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":2.53291,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":2.67654,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":2.86365,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":3.15154,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":3.36823,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":3.40589,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":3.19592,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":3.27235,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}