{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.che.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"CHE","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1996","end_period":"2023","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Switzerland","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"1996","value":2.37649,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":2.26386,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":2.60818,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":2.65296,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":2.87456,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":3.04577,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":3.04671,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":3.14983,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":3.24862,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":3.22178,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}