{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.cub.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"CUB","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1996","end_period":"2024","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Cuba","region":"Latin America & Caribbean ","observations":[{"period":"1996","value":0.34736,"flags":""},{"period":"1997","value":0.40172,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":0.50124,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":0.45832,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":0.47865,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":0.5653,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":0.56445,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":0.58243,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":0.60231,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":0.5492,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":0.44139,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":0.43615,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":0.50061,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":0.61485,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":0.60767,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":0.27192,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":0.40716,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":0.47467,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":0.41596,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":0.42854,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":0.34223,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":0.43066,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":0.53691,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":0.55308,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":0.51838,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":0.32282,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":0.36032,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":0.39213,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":0.43839,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}