{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.dza.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"DZA","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"2001","end_period":"2024","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Algeria","region":"Middle East, North Africa, Afghanistan & Pakistan","observations":[{"period":"2001","value":0.21219,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":0.33807,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":0.18122,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":0.15186,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":0.06367,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":0.47865,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":0.37787,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":0.44395,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}