{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.idn.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"IDN","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"2000","end_period":"2020","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Indonesia","region":"East Asia & Pacific","observations":[{"period":"2000","value":0.06769,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":0.04756,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":0.08332,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":0.0847,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":0.24535,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":0.23805,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":0.22632,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":0.27129,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":0.28068,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}