{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.lso.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"LSO","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"2002","end_period":"2023","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Lesotho","region":"Sub-Saharan Africa ","observations":[{"period":"2002","value":0.04185,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":0.04295,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":0.05532,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":0.0291,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":0.01255,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":0.05101,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":0.09453,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}