{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.lux.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"LUX","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"2000","end_period":"2023","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Luxembourg","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"2000","value":1.58314,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":1.6235,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":1.58819,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":1.55873,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":1.64886,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":1.57165,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":1.54663,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":1.58839,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":1.42373,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":1.42453,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":1.20664,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":1.23381,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":1.217,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":1.25226,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":1.2669,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":1.23898,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":1.17039,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":1.18209,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":1.09627,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":1.03153,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":1.0653,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":1.07045,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}