{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.nor.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"NOR","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"1997","end_period":"2023","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Norway","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"1997","value":1.5935,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":1.60437,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":1.56019,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":1.62644,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":1.67572,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":1.53976,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":1.47715,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":1.44972,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":1.55795,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":1.54556,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":1.71678,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":1.6412,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":1.61714,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":1.61053,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":1.64216,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":1.70369,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":1.92351,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":2.03286,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":2.08168,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":2.03482,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":2.13599,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":2.24436,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":1.88764,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":1.55081,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":1.85142,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}