{"id":"worldbank.research-and-development-expenditure.tgo.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-research-and-development-expenditure","indicator":"research-and-development-expenditure","geography":"TGO","frequency":"annual","unit":"percent","start_period":"2010","end_period":"2024","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Togo","region":"Sub-Saharan Africa ","observations":[{"period":"2010","value":0.16962,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":0.15973,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":0.19074,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":0.22229,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Research and development expenditure","topic":"Science","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}