{"id":"worldbank.total-change-in-external-debt-stocks.mdg.annual","dataset_id":"worldbank-total-change-in-external-debt-stocks","indicator":"total-change-in-external-debt-stocks","geography":"MDG","frequency":"annual","unit":"current USD","start_period":"1989","end_period":"2025","org":"World Bank","original_indicator":"DT.DOD.DECT.CD.CG","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Madagascar","region":"Sub-Saharan Africa ","observations":[{"period":"1989","value":-252184483.8,"flags":""},{"period":"1990","value":269728558.5,"flags":""},{"period":"1991","value":207093381.0,"flags":""},{"period":"1992","value":3151167.9,"flags":""},{"period":"1993","value":-106614952.7,"flags":""},{"period":"1994","value":291721930.1,"flags":""},{"period":"1995","value":225550696.5,"flags":""},{"period":"1996","value":-176202935.6,"flags":""},{"period":"1997","value":-36871240.6,"flags":""},{"period":"1998","value":285045758.0,"flags":""},{"period":"1999","value":387774245.2,"flags":""},{"period":"2000","value":-55720428.1,"flags":""},{"period":"2001","value":-541765752.3,"flags":""},{"period":"2002","value":359624527.7,"flags":""},{"period":"2003","value":435695398.5,"flags":""},{"period":"2004","value":-1154852546.4,"flags":""},{"period":"2005","value":-299289848.8,"flags":""},{"period":"2006","value":-1998450270.2,"flags":""},{"period":"2007","value":805278114.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2008","value":200780791.7,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":313830451.6,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":-90908293.0,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":111416233.0,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":126081444.4,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":-52888224.7,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":22946712.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":79424021.1,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":-30910102.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":410234450.9,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":345594294.6,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":330900259.2,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":807009611.0,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":554778715.5,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":599732590.6,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":500880493.5,"flags":""},{"period":"2024","value":227830512.4,"flags":""},{"period":"2025","value":973049705.3,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Total change in external debt stocks","topic":"Debt","source":"worldbank","provenance":{"organization":"World Bank","original_indicator":"DT.DOD.DECT.CD.CG","url":"https://api.worldbank.org/v2","retrieved_at":"2026-11-07T07:57:03+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}